India Introduces New Immigration and Foreigners Bill, 2025

The Indian government has introduced the Immigration and Foreigners Bill, 2025 in the Lok Sabha to simplify immigration rules, strengthen national security, and enforce stricter penalties for violations. This bill aims to replace four old colonial-era laws, including the Foreigners Act of 1946 and the Passport (Entry into India) Act of 1920, creating a modern and unified immigration system.

New Bureau of Immigration

The bill proposes the creation of a Bureau of Immigration (Section 5), which will be led by a Commissioner and supported by immigration officers. The Bureau will function under the central government and manage immigration tasks, including monitoring the entry and exit of foreign nationals.

Key Features of the Bill

1. National Security Measures

• Foreigners who are considered a threat to India’s security and sovereignty will be denied entry or residency.
• Immigration officers will have the power to detain individuals without a warrant if they are suspected of breaking immigration laws.
• Foreigners entering India must register their stay, and their movements may be restricted.

2. New Entry and Residency Rules

• All foreign visitors must have a valid passport and visa to enter or leave India.
• Institutions like schools, hospitals, and nursing homes must report any foreign nationals under their care.
• Airlines and transport providers must ensure that passengers have valid documents. If a foreigner is denied entry, the airline must take them back or face fines and penalties.

3. Strict Punishments for Violations

The bill introduces severe penalties for breaking immigration laws:

• Entering India without valid documents → Up to 5 years in prison + ₹5 lakh fine
• Using fake documents → 2-7 years in prison + ₹1-10 lakh fine
• Overstaying a visa or violating visa conditions → Up to 3 years in prison + ₹3 lakh fine
• Transporting foreigners without valid documents → ₹5 lakh fine + possible confiscation of the transport vehicle

Foreign nationals with dual citizenship will be considered citizens of the country whose passport they used to enter India.

Minister of State for Home Affairs, Nityanand Rai, stated:
“India welcomes visitors, but they must follow immigration laws. As our economy grows, we will continue to support tourism while ensuring national security.”

Concerns and Criticism

This bill has sparked discussions about the increased powers of immigration officers and possible administrative challenges for individuals and businesses. While the government says the bill will improve security and simplify procedures, critics fear it may negatively affect foreign nationals, businesses, and human rights.

Congress leader Manish Tewari has raised strong concerns, arguing that:

• The bill could be misused to deny entry to individuals based on their political beliefs.
• There is no appeal process for immigration decisions, which could violate fundamental rights and natural justice.

As Parliament debates the bill, its final version could significantly impact India’s immigration policies and national security measures in the future.